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Table 1 Annual GCC’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth (in %) for the years 2010–2020

From: Harnessing the energy transition from total dependence on fossil to renewable energy in the Arabian Gulf region, considering population, climate change impacts, ecological and carbon footprints, and United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals

Year

Bahrain

Kuwait

Oman

Saudi Arabia

Qatar

United Arab Emirates

2010

4.334299

-2.37026

1.713985

5.039484

19.59233

1.602850048

2011

1.983515

9.628407

2.89461

9.996847

13.37518

6.928508599

2012

3.728108

6.625818

8.863122

5.411445

4.730012

4.483791985

2013

5.41684

1.1493

5.227704

2.699255

5.556041

5.053077855

2014

4.350391

0.500877

1.292252

3.652482

5.334323

4.41008526

2015

2.485379

0.59302

5.017058

4.106409

4.753346

5.060334864

2016

3.558128

2.925868

5.046424

1.670625

3.064192

2.984216091

2017

4.29095

-4.71211

0.304058

-0.7415

-1.4976

2.373551057

2018

2.136701

1.246129

1.287104

2.434111

1.234872

1.189855642

2019

2.141377

0.427464

-1.12921

0.331436

0.688241

3.411538686

2020

-5.08518

-8.68526

-3.20094

-4.10658

-3.5576

-6.134500803