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Table 1 Themes that emerged from the data, organized by research question

From: Co-creating cultures of sustainability and co-imagining the teaching green building: the use of a participatory Photovoice process in a HPGB context

(Q1) What does a culture of sustainability mean for citizens of the building, and what can influence its development?

Q1 Themes

(Q1-T1) Individual interest and commitment to sustainability

(Q1-T2) Community-building for collective action on sustainability with shared purposes

(Q1-T3) An empowering, healthy and enabling environmental context

(Q2) What, if any, building features positively or negatively influence the sustainable values and practices of citizens and their organizations?

Q2 Themes

(Q2-T1) Many evolv1 features already promote sustainable values, norms and practices

(Q2-T2) Sustainability is not always ‘pure’

(Q2-T3) Some evolv1 features are actively discouraging more sustainable values, norms and practices

(Q2-T4) evolv1 still embodies several ‘missed opportunities’

(Q3) How does the building symbolically communicate to people and how do symbols in the building environment translate into citizens’ own sustainability-related values and practices?

Q3 Themes

(Q3-T1) Certain building features clearly function as symbolic ‘green features’

(Q3-T2) Symbolic communication often requires ‘standing out’

(Q3-T3) What is missing or invisible in an environment can unintentionally create a ‘negative symbol’ for sustainability

(Q3-T4) Sustainability communication and education are distinct from but connected to sustainability symbolism

(Q3-T5) Concern over symbolic representation of sustainability, versus actual sustainability

(Q4) What could be done to further promote sustainable values and practices at evolv1?

Q4 Themes

(Q4-T1) Reconsider the function of spaces within and around evolv1 to center sustainability and community-building

(Q4-T2) Combine existing symbolic communication with direct sustainability education and engagement

(Q4-T3) Encourage more sustainable behaviours and discourage less sustainable behaviours

(Q4-T4) Increase opportunities for social connection, nature connection, community-building and sustainability leadership

  1. Specific descriptions for each theme are defined further in Additional file 2: Appendix B