From: Evaluating net community benefits of integrating nature within cities
Impact Type | Considerations |
---|---|
Environmental | ▪ Biophilic urbanism changes may promote human-wildlife conflict; introduce weeds and pest species; lead to insect infestation; or lower groundwater ▪ (leading to social & economic costs) |
Social | ▪ Speed eco-gentrification and social dislocation; lead to health impacts such as allergies (e.g. asthma), disease, insect bites ▪ Change the “character” of an area. ▪ Increase risk and fear of crime and animal attacks, general ‘biophobia’ ▪ Some cultural groups may not have the same view of green space and prefer alternative land and resource use. ▪ Neighbourhood and broader scale elements may reduce accessibility, separate social groups and stifle interaction (including by urban sprawl access issues) [66]. |
Economic | ▪ Increase property values and reduce affordability. ▪ Increase heating expenses, water, roots damage infrastructure, increase maintenance costs, insurance costs. ▪ Reduced visibility (increasing accident risk and related problems) and increased risk and incidence of injury related to vegetation. |