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Table 5 Risks in distributed symbiotic systems compared to off-shore fish farms

From: Resilience by industrial symbiosis? A discussion on risk, opportunities and challenges for food production in the perspective of the food-energy-water nexus

No.

Name

Compared Resilience

Reason

i

Extreme weather

+

On-land systems less exposed to adverse weather

ii

Employment

+

Better job security and working conditions on land

iii

Nexus

+

Better resource efficiency

iv

Disease

+

Closed or semi-closed systems more resilient

v

Environment

+

Symbiotic facilities avoid polluting and the effects of pollution

vi

Government

+

Off-shore fish farming risks greater limitation by government

vii

Economics

–

Exposure to costs of financing and to anchor industry

viii

Supply chain

=

Similar risk profiles

  1. Legend:
  2. + Better resilience for distributed symbiotic systems
  3. - Better resilience for comparison facility
  4. = No difference assessable with case data
  5. ? Different risk profiles but not assessable with case data