Skip to main content

Table 1 List of risk categories

From: Resilience by industrial symbiosis? A discussion on risk, opportunities and challenges for food production in the perspective of the food-energy-water nexus

No.

Name

Contents

i

Extreme weather

Extreme weather events, natural disasters and failure of climate change mitigation and adaption

ii

Employment

Employment effects of large-scale involuntary migration, un- and underemployment, safe working conditions

iii

Nexus

Food-energy-water nexus issues, water crisis, food crisis, limits in supply and production capacity, quality risks, energy price shock

iv

Disease

Spread of infectious diseases, use of antibiotics and the resulting creation of resistant organisms, spread of disease in fish and vegetables within production facilities and between facilities and their environment

v

Environment

Anthropogenic environmental disasters and effects of man-made pollution, including issues such as bycatch of wild fish and monoculture fields as well as over-fishing, eco-system collapse, and eutrophication

vi

Government

Interventions, protectionism, subsidies, trade-wars

vii

Economics

Investment risk e.g. leading to high interest rates, fiscal crisis, asset bubbles in a major economy, and failure of financial mechanism or institution. Also, industrial plant closures

viii

Supply chain

Supply of key inputs such as plants/smolt and fertiliser; also, know-how and technology, i.e. access to human resources and to the requisite production technology; transportation, including costs, environmental effects, losses/waste